It is a form of consequentialism, where punishment is forward-looking which is founded by Jeremy Bentham. It is the principle of utilitarianism. Which became a part of what school of thought?

• A. Classical
• B. Kantian
• C. Existentialist
• D. Marxist

Answer: (A)

This question centers on where Bentham’s utilitarian, forward-looking view of punishment fits in the history of criminology. Bentham’s utilitarianism is all about maximizing overall good and using punishment to deter future crimes by making the costs of offending outweigh the benefits. This leads to the idea that people are rational actors who weigh consequences before acting, which is the core idea of the Classical School of criminology. That school emphasizes deterrence, rational choice, and proportionate punishment to prevent crime.

The other options don’t align with this view: Kantian ethics focuses on duties regardless of outcomes, existentialism on individual meaning, and Marxism on economic and class analysis. So the best fit for Bentham’s forward-looking, deterrence-focused approach is the Classical School.