What term refers to factors that worsen a sentence?

• A. Aggravating circumstance
• B. Mitigating circumstance
• C. Parole
• D. Probation

Answer: (A)

Aggravating circumstances are factors that make a crime more serious in the eyes of the law and can lead to a harsher sentence. Examples include using a weapon, targeting a vulnerable victim, committing the act with premeditation or cruelty, and having prior convictions. These elements justify longer incarceration or higher penalties under sentencing guidelines.

Mitigating circumstances, by contrast, are factors that can lessen a sentence, such as lack of prior record, showing remorse, or being under duress.

Parole and probation are not factors that worsen a sentence. Parole refers to conditional release from prison before the full term is served, and probation is a community-supervised sentence. They pertain to how the sentence is carried out, not to increasing its severity.